| This element represents direct equity investments in real estate projects (Land, buildings and improvements owned for income production and capital accretion potential) and certain loans accounted for as real estate investments. For loans accounted for as real estate investments, the entity (lender) has virtually the same risks and rewards as those of owners or joint venture participants. Such arrangements are treated as if the entity actually has an ownership interest in the property. In such arrangements, the entity (lender) participates in expected residual profits, which may be in the form of an equity kicker or a higher than usual effective interest rate. At the outset and during the construction and development of the property, the borrower generally has little or no equity in the property and the entity's (lender's) only source of repayment is the property. The entity (lender) generally (a) agrees to provide substantially all funds to acquire, develop, and construct the property, (b) funds the commitment or origination fees or both, and (c) funds interest during the development and construction of the property. |