<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- Generated by http://luca.auditchain.finance -->
<!--2023-07-18 14.13.42-->
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  <!-- ArcroleRef declarations.  All these are declared by XBRL Formulas. -->
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  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/arcrole/2008/variable-set-precondition" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2008/variable.xsd#variable-set-precondition" xlink:type="simple" />
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  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/arcrole/2010/assertion-satisfied-message" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2010/validation-message.xsd#assertion-satisfied-message" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:arcroleRef arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/arcrole/2010/assertion-unsatisfied-message" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2010/validation-message.xsd#assertion-unsatisfied-message" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2008/role/link" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2008/generic-link.xsd#standard-link-role" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2008/role/label" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2008/generic-label.xsd#standard-label" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2010/role/message" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2010/generic-message.xsd#standard-message" xlink:type="simple" />
</link:linkbase>